The impact of winter on PVC flooring is multifaceted, primarily manifested in changes to the material’s physical properties, difficulties in construction operations, and temporary alterations in performance. The core issues are the hardening and contraction of the flooring due to low temperatures, as well as abnormal curing of adhesives.

     The most critical aspect of winter construction is overcoming the effects of low temperatures and slow drying, preventing issues such as floor- adhesive separation, hollowing, and edge lifting. The core requirements can be summarized as follows:

1. Temperature control：

The indoor and floor temperatures must be maintained at a minimum of 10°C (some high-standard requirements specify above 15°C) and kept stable. This is an absolute prerequisite for construction. At least 12 hours before construction begins and for a minimum of 24 hours afterward, auxiliary heating measures (such as air conditioning or heating systems) must be implemented to meet environmental requirements, while avoiding work in low-temperature areas near doors and windows. It is essential to hire professional teams with winter construction experience, as they are more familiar with managing construction details under low-temperature conditions.

2. Base treatment:

If construction is carried out on a concrete floor, the surface must be checked for adequate dryness (moisture content should be below 4.5%). Ensure the floor is fully dry, firm, and level. The mixing water temperature for self-leveling construction should not be too low. After construction, maintain an ambient temperature above 5°C to prevent freezing and allow sufficient drying time.

3. Material Preprocessing

All materials must be placed in the construction room in advance for “thawing and recovery.” PVC floor rolls, adhesives, and similar items should be delivered to the site at least 24 hours before construction (or as per product requirements) and stored vertically in an environment above 18°C. Rolls are recommended to be unrolled and laid flat to relieve stress and restore elasticity.

4. Adhesive Application

  Ensure the adhesive cures effectively. Verify the construction temperature meets the standard (typically ≥10°C). In winter, the adhesive cures slowly, requiring extended drying time. Always confirm via the finger touch test (with noticeable tackiness and stringiness) before laying the flooring. After installation, immediately use a 50-75kg steel roller to repeatedly and thoroughly press, expelling air and ensuring full adhesion.

5. Drying and Maintenance

Allocate multiple times the drying and curing period. In winter, moisture evaporates slowly, requiring each process (self-leveling drying, adhesive curing) to be extended 2-3 times longer than in summer. After installation, an additional drying period of at least 3-4 weeks is necessary to achieve a stable state.

     Regarding expansion joints, a gap width of 1-3mm is generally sufficient, without the need to intentionally increase it in winter. The key is to ensure that no part of the floor directly contacts fixed elements such as walls or pillars. After construction, maintain stable indoor temperature for at least 24 hours. During the subsequent drying period, avoid cleaning with a damp mop, especially preventing water from entering the joints.

Summary and Decision Recommendations

Winter construction of PVC flooring is feasible, but strict conditions must be created, with the core principles being “maintaining temperature, extending time, and emphasizing rolling.”.

If your project has specific fire resistance requirements (such as the need to meet the aforementioned classification society certification standards), this must also be taken into account during material selection and construction.